| | Population, April 1, 1990 | Population, April 1, 2000 | Numeric Population Change, 1990 to 2000 | Percent Population Change, 1990 to 2000 | Land Area (square miles), 2000 | Persons Per Square Mile, 1990 | Persons Per Square Mile, 2000 |
|
| United States | 248,709,873 | 281,421,906 | 32,712,033 | 13.2% | 3,537,438.4 | 70.3 | 79.6 |
| Appalachian Region | 21,727,579 | 23,642,578 | 1,914,999 | 8.8% | 204,812.1 | 106.1 | 115.4 |
| New York | 17,990,455 | 18,976,457 | 986,002 | 5.5% | 47,213.8 | 381.0 | 401.9 |
| Appalachian New York | 1,088,470 | 1,072,786 | -15,684 | -1.4% | 11,698.4 | 93.0 | 91.7 |
|
| County |
| Allegany | 50,470 | 49,927 | -543 | -1.1% | 1,030.2 | 49.0 | 48.5 |
| Broome | 212,160 | 200,536 | -11,624 | -5.5% | 706.8 | 300.1 | 283.7 |
| Cattaraugus | 84,234 | 83,955 | -279 | -0.3% | 1,309.9 | 64.3 | 64.1 |
| Chautauqua | 141,895 | 139,750 | -2,145 | -1.5% | 1,062.0 | 133.6 | 131.6 |
| Chemung | 95,195 | 91,070 | -4,125 | -4.3% | 408.2 | 233.2 | 223.1 |
| Chenango | 51,768 | 51,401 | -367 | -0.7% | 894.4 | 57.9 | 57.5 |
| Cortland | 48,963 | 48,599 | -364 | -0.7% | 499.7 | 98.0 | 97.3 |
| Delaware | 47,225 | 48,055 | 830 | 1.8% | 1,446.4 | 32.7 | 33.2 |
| Otsego | 60,517 | 61,676 | 1,159 | 1.9% | 1,002.8 | 60.3 | 61.5 |
| Schoharie | 31,859 | 31,582 | -277 | -0.9% | 622.0 | 51.2 | 50.8 |
| Schuyler | 18,662 | 19,224 | 562 | 3.0% | 328.7 | 56.8 | 58.5 |
| Steuben | 99,088 | 98,726 | -362 | -0.4% | 1,392.6 | 71.1 | 70.9 |
| Tioga | 52,337 | 51,784 | -553 | -1.1% | 518.7 | 100.9 | 99.8 |
| Tompkins | 94,097 | 96,501 | 2,404 | 2.6% | 476.1 | 197.6 | 202.7 |
