This report was initiated as part of a long-term research objective developed by the Appalachian Regional Commission to understand Appalachia’s natural assets.The primary goal was to provide information that will encourage the development and sustainable management of water resources across the Appalachian Region.This required developing and updating an inventory of natural assets, analyzing their value and usage, assessing their potential contribution to economic development of the Region, and creating a framework to assist with planning their best use.